Wordpress

Scalability with Docker

Created by Gianluca Arbezzano

Gianluca Arbezzano

Full Stack Developer

Maintainer Doctrine Module and open source contributor

github.com/gianarb

twitter.com/gianarb

Keywords

Isolation

To increase control of system

Isolation

To mitigate the security issue

Isolation

To gurantee scalability

Scalability

What is scalabily?

Scalability <=> High avalability.

Scalability is the ability of a system, network, or process to handle a growing amount of work in a capable manner or its ability to be enlarged to accommodate that growth.

cit. Wikipedia.

There are two types of scalability

Vertical scalability

Horizontal scalability

Hourly metric

The traffic is a peaks's issue

Your server supports all traffic ALWAYS

The differce between this peaks for a lot of time is unused

you pay it!

Our infrastructure

There are other problems

Disaster recovery

Your switchboard scale?

There are other problems

Isolation
Scalability
Monitoring
freedom and security

we submerged by problems

and we hide a lot of them!

Choice your environment

by DigitalOcean - Erika Heidi

I know what you think..

Each application require its server! cit. strong sysadmin

I am here to apply this concept at your experience

Why AWS?

Elastic Container Service

Linux Container LXC

it is an operating-system-level virtualization environment for running multiple isolated Linux systems (containers) on a single Linux control host.

Linux Container LXC

it is an operating-system-level virtualization environment for running multiple isolated Linux systems (containers) on a single Linux control host.

I love Wikipedia

Docker

Docker containers wrap up a piece of software in a complete filesystem that contains everything it needs to run: code, runtime, system tools, system libraries – anything you can install on a server

Docker


Commands:
    attach    Attach to a running container
    build     Build an image from a Dockerfile
    images    List images
    kill      Kill a running container
    logs      Fetch the logs of a container
    ps        List containers
    restart   Restart a container
    rm        Remove one or more containers
    rmi       Remove one or more images
    run       Run a command in a new container
    search    Search the Docker Hub for images
    start     Start one or more stopped containers
    stop      Stop a running container

MySQL - dockerfile


FROM ubuntu

RUN dpkg-divert --local --rename --add /sbin/initctl
RUN ln -s /bin/true /sbin/initctl

RUN echo "deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise main universe" > /etc/apt/sources.list
RUN apt-get update

RUN apt-get -y install mysql-server

EXPOSE 3306

CMD ["/usr/bin/mysqld_safe"]

Apache - dockerfile


FROM php:5.6-apache
RUN a2enmod rewrite

RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y libpng12-dev libjpeg-dev
    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* \
    && docker-php-ext-configure gd --with-png-dir=/usr --with-jpeg-dir=/usr \
    && docker-php-ext-install gd
RUN docker-php-ext-install mysqli
VOLUME /var/www/html
RUN curl -o wordpress.tar.gz -SL https://wordpress.org/wordpress.tar.gz \
    && tar -xzf wordpress.tar.gz -C /usr/src/ \
    && rm wordpress.tar.gz \
    && chown -R www-data:www-data /usr/src/wordpress
CMD ["apache2-foreground"]

Create mysql container


docker build -t gianarb/mysql .

Same stuff for wordpress

Run all


docker run -t mysql -p 3306:3306 gianarb/mysql


docker run -p 8080:80 -d --name wp1 --link wp.database.prod:mysql  wordpress

docker compose

Compose is a tool for defining and running multi-container Docker applications. With Compose, you use a Compose file to configure your application’s services.

docker compose


wp:
  image: wordpress
  ports:
    - 8081:80
  environment:
      WORDPRESS_DB_HOST: wp1.database.prod
      WORDPRESS_DB_USER: root
      WORDPRESS_DB_PASSWORD: help_me
  links:
    - wp1.database.prod:mysql
mysql:
  image: mysql:5.7
  environment:
    MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: help_me

docker compose


Commands:
  build              Build or rebuild services
  logs               View output from containers
  ps                 List containers
  pull               Pulls service images
  restart            Restart services
  rm                 Remove stopped containers
  run                Run a one-off command
  scale              Set number of containers for a service
  start              Start services
  stop               Stop services
  up                 Create and start containers

Elastic Container Service

it is a highly scalable, fast, container management service that makes it easy to run, stop, and manage Docker containers on a cluster of Amazon EC2 instances

by AWS

Elastic Container Service

Container instance: An Amazon EC2 that is running the Amazon ECS Agent. It has been registered to ECS Cluster

Elastic Container Service

Cluster: It is a pool of Container instances

Elastic Container Service

Task definition: A description of an application that contains one or more container definitions


{
    "family": "",
    "containerDefinitions": [
    }
}

Each Task definition running is a Task

ECS in practice


ecs-cli configure \
    --region eu-west-1 \
    --cluster wps \
    --access-key apikey \
    --secret-key secreyKey

Create your cluster and confiugre your cli

ECS in practice


ecs-cli up --keypair codemotion-ecs \
    --capability-iam \
    --size 1 \
    --instance-type t2.medium

Configure Cluster and start first EC2

ECS in practice


ecs-cli compose --file docker-compose.yml  \
    --project-name wp1 up

Up your first wordpress task, wp1

ECS in practice


ecs-cli ps

See status of your tasks

ECS in practice


COMMANDS:
   configure    Configures your AWS credentials
   up           Create the ECS Cluster
   down         Delete the ECS Cluster and associated resources
   scale        Modify the number of container instances.
   ps           List all of the running containers.
   compose      Execute docker-compose style commands
                on an ECS cluster.
   help, h      Shows a list of commands or help for one command

docker-compose style commands?!

Now we have 2 wordpress that run on different ports 8080 and 8081

Our problem are not finished

HAProxy helps you

high availability, load balancing, and proxying for TCP and HTTP-based applications. It is particularly suited for very high traffic web sites and powers quite a number of the world's most visited ones.

HAProxy helps you


...
frontend wp_mananger
        bind :80
        acl host_wp1 hdr(host) -i wp1.gianarb.it
        acl host_wp2 hdr(host) -i wp2.gianarb.it
        use_backend backend_wp1 if host_wp1
        use_backend backend_wp2 if host_wp2
backend backend_wp1
        server server1 54.229.190.73:8080 check
backend backend_wp2
        server server2 54.229.190.73:8081 check

Maybe this is not the best solution